Sequences

Geometric Sequences

Use common ratios to model repeated multiplication.

A geometric sequence is formed by multiplying by the same number each time. This number is the common ratio, written \(r\).

Nth term formula\[u_n=u_1r^{n-1}\]

Worked example

For \(5, 15, 45, 135,\ldots\), \(u_1=5\) and \(r=3\).

\[u_n=5\cdot 3^{n-1}\]

The 8th term is \(u_8=5\cdot3^7=10935\).

Connection to modelling

Repeated percentage change is geometric. Increasing by 6% repeatedly means multiplying by \(1.06\) each time.